Home Coalitions Clean and Fair Elections Pemberian wang atau barang bernilai tetap menjadi rasuah (Malay/English)

Pemberian wang atau barang bernilai tetap menjadi rasuah (Malay/English)

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[ENGLISH VERSION BELOW] Gabungan Pilihan Raya Bersih dan Adil (Bersih) menegaskan bahawa pemberian wang atau barangan bernilai dalam pilihan raya adalah rasuah.

Bagi membanteras gejala ini, selain penguatkuasaan Akta Kesalahan Pilihan Raya 1954 (AKPR) yang konsisten, penggubalan akta pembiayaan politik dan penubuhan sebuah jawatankuasa pilihan tetap parlimen juga perlu untuk memantau sistem dan proses pilihan raya.

Bersih merujuk kepada kenyataan presiden Pas Hadi Awang yang menyatakan bahawa pemberian wang oleh orang awam ketika waktu kempen pilihan raya adalah satu bentuk “sedekah” dan bukannya rasuah. Walaupun menjadi budaya masyarakat di Malaysia untuk memberi sedekah, namun sekiranya pemberian wang itu diberikan ketika waktu pilihan raya maka pemberian wang tersebut boleh dianggap sebagai satu kesalahan rasuah pilihan raya.

Kenyataan daripada Hadi bahawa hanya calon dan wakil calon sahaja yang tidak boleh memberikan wang semasa pilihan raya adalah bercanggah dengan Seksyen 10 (Penyogokan) di bawah AKPR. Seksyen 10 menyatakan tiap-tiap orang sebelum, semasa atau selepas pilihan raya secara sendiri atau melalui mana-mana orang lain secara langsung atau tidak langsung memberikan wang atau apa-apa balasan bernilai boleh disifatkan sebagai melakukan kesalahan penyogokan.

Hal ini bermaksud sebarang pemberian wang atau barang bernilai kepada pengundi dalam tempoh pilihan raya untuk mempengaruhi mengundi atau tidak mengundi seseorang calon adalah satu bentuk rasuah. Tindakan tersebut tidak mengira sama ada dilakukan secara langsung oleh calon mahupun oleh pihak ketiga. Apabila wang diberikan semasa pilihan raya ianya adalah satu kesalahan rasuah.

Meskipun undang-undang secara jelas menyatakan kesalahan tersebut, pihak berkuasa sama ada pihak polis atau Suruhanjaya Pencegahan Rasuah Malaysia perlu menyiasat dengan lebih lanjut dan pihak peguam negara selaku pendakwaraya perlu mendakwa pihak yang terlibat sebelum mahkamah menjatuhkan hukuman.

READ MORE:  The line between Raya and 'pilihan raya'

Kenyataan Hadi walaupun seperti mengakui bahawa ada pemberian wang yang diberikan pada pilihan raya umum 2022 sebagai satu bentuk “sedekah”, namun mahkamah perlu diberikan ruang untuk memberi tafsiran mereka di dalam perkara ini.

Bersih juga turut merekodkan beberapa tindakan yang boleh dianggap sebagai kesalahan pilihan raya di bawah Seksyen 8 (Penjamuan) dan Seksyen 10 AKPR semasa pilihan raya umum 2022. Laporan lengkap akan dikeluarkan dalam masa terdekat.

Selain pelaksanaan undang-undang, khususnya AKPR, bagi mengekang kegiatan rasuah terutama dalam pilihan raya, kerajaan dan Parlimen perlu mengambil tindakan proaktif iaitu melalui penggubalan akta pembiayaan politik.

Penggubalan akta pembiayaan politik ini tidak sepatutnya dilengahkan lagi kerana akta tersebut telah diperbincangkan pada zaman Najib Razak, Dr Mahathir Mohamad, Mahiaddin Yasin dan Ismail Sabri Yaakob menjadi perdana menteri lagi. Rang undang-undang untuk akta pembiayaan politik harus diteliti oleh sebuah jawatankuasa parlimen yang mengambil dapatan-dapatan yang bernas serta menyeluruh daripada semua pihak berkepentingan dan orang awam.

Bersih mencadangkan agar sebuah jawatankuasa pilihan tetap parlimen berkaitan hal ehwal pilihan raya dan demokrasi pelbagai parti ditubuhkan dalam sidang parlimen Februari untuk dirujuk kepadanya dan diperkemaskan rang undang-undang akta pembiayaan politik yang sudah lama disebut tetapi terselindung daripada penelitian dan maklum balas orang awam.

Penggubalan dan pembentangan akta pembiayaan politik ini tidak sepatutnya dilengahkan lagi kerana hal tersebut boleh memberi persepsi bahawa kerajaan tidak serius menangani rasuah pilihan raya dan politik wang, selain wujud persepsi songsang bahawa sebarang penyiasatan terhadap kesalahan rasuah oleh pihak pembangkang adalah bermotifkan penganiayaan dan pemburuan politik (witch hunting) kerana peguam negara berkuasa mengawal pendakwaan. – Bersih

English version

Cash handouts or the giving of anything valuable during elections is bribery

The Coalition for Clean and Fair Elections (Bersih) reiterates that the giving of cash handouts or anything valuable during elections is bribery.

READ MORE:  Reform Election Offences Act to enhance fairness

To eradicate this malady requires not only the consistent enforcement of the Election Offences Act 1954 (EOA), but also the enactment of a political financing act and the setting up of a permanent parliamentary standing committee to scrutinise the election system and process.

Bersih refers to Pas president Hadi Awang’s statement that cash handouts by the public during election campaigns is a form of charity and not bribery. Though the giving of alms has become part of our culture in Malaysia, the giving of cash or anything valuable during elections can be considered as an election offence, ie bribery.

Hadi’s statement that only candidates and their agents are forbidden from giving handouts is not in line with Section 10 (Bribery) of the Election Offences Act 1954, which states that every person before, during and after an election, who directly or indirectly gives cash or anything valuable, can be considered as having committed the offence of corruption.

What this means is that any cash or anything valuable given to voters during an election period to influence a person to vote for or refrain from voting is a form of corruption. It does not matter if the act was done directly or through a third party, it is bribery.

While the law clearly states that this is an offence, the authorities, be they the police or the Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission, need to investigate and the attorney general, as the public prosecutor, needs to charge the people involved before the court could pass judgment. Hadi’s statement is an admission that money was given out during the 2022 general election as “charity”. The court should be given the opportunity to give its interpretation in this matter.

READ MORE:  Politik pork barrel di pilihan raya kecil Sungai Bakap (Malay/English)

Bersih wishes to put on record several other actions that can be regarded as election offences under Section 8 (Treating) and 10 (Bribery) of the EOA during the 2022 general election. Our full report will be released shortly.

Besides the enforcement of the law, especially the EOA, to curb corrupt practices during elections, proactive measures by the government and Parliament to enact a political financing act should not be further delayed.

A political financing act has been discussed since the administrations of Najib Razak, Dr Mahathir Mohamad, Mahiaddin Yasin and Ismail Sabri Yaakob while they were prime ministers. A political financing bill should be reviewed by a parliamentary committee that takes in the considered views of key stakeholders and the public.

Bersih proposes that a permanent standing committee on electoral matters and multi-party democracy be established in this coming February sitting of Parliament so that the long awaited political financing bill that has been hidden from the scrutiny and feedback of the public could be reviewed by the committee.

The drafting and tabling of the political financing act should not be delayed because it would give the perception to the public that this government is not serious in addressing the problems of election bribery and money politics and give rise to a warped  perception that any investigation against the opposition for corruption is politically motivated and witch hunting because the attorney general still has the power of prosecution. – Bersih

The views expressed in Aliran's media statements and the NGO statements we have endorsed reflect Aliran's official stand. Views and opinions expressed in other pieces published here do not necessarily reflect Aliran's official position.

AGENDA RAKYAT - Lima perkara utama
  1. Tegakkan maruah serta kualiti kehidupan rakyat
  2. Galakkan pembangunan saksama, lestari serta tangani krisis alam sekitar
  3. Raikan kerencaman dan keterangkuman
  4. Selamatkan demokrasi dan angkatkan keluhuran undang-undang
  5. Lawan rasuah dan kronisme
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